Laos

Laos

Water quality monitoring in Mekong river basin in Laos

Monitored variables in the Mekong river basin in Laos are Escherichia coli concentrations and physico-chemical measurements in stream water. Physico-chemical measurements include water temperature, electrical conductance at 25 °C, dissolved oxygen concentration and saturation, pH, oxidation-reduction potential, turbidity, and suspended sediment concentration.

Details about the monitoring setup and the variables measured at multiple spatial scales in the Mekong river basin in Laos can be found here.

Physico-chemical measurements and stream water sampling in the Nam Ou river (photo: L. Boithias).

Hydro-meteorological and soil loss monitoring in Houay Pano catchment

Monitored variables in Houay Pano catchment are: 6-min and daily rainfall, hourly climate variables (wind speed, relative humidity, solar radiation, temperature), aperiodic water level, aperiodic suspended and bed particulate matter, and annual land use. At microplot scale, monitored variables are soil surface features, surface runoff, and soil loss.

Details about the monitoring setup and the variables measured in Houay Pano catchment can be found here.

In addition, groundwater in the Houay Pano catchment is monitored with automatic and manual piezometers, and through electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) survey.

Cimel Enerco 407 weather station within Houay Pano catchment (photo: C. Valentin).
Water level, suspended particulate matter and bed particulate matter monitoring at the S4 station, the outlet of the Houay Pano catchment (photo: L. Boithias).
Suspended sediment sampling at the S4 station, the outlet of the Houay Pano catchment (photo: L. Boithias).
1×1 m² microplot for soil surface features, surface runoff, and soil erosion monitoring in Houay Pano catchment (photo: L. Boithias).
Electrical resistivity tomography measurements (photo: H. Robain).
Piezometer measurements (photo: H. Robain).

Geometry of the weir at the S4 station, outlet of the Houay Pano catchment

(a) Hydrometric station S4 at the outlet of the Houay Pano catchment during a stormflow event; (b) Metrics of the compound weir (V-notch and rectangular notch): width of the channel (W), height of the rectangular notch (Hr), height of the V-notch (Hv), V-notch angle (α), height of the V-notch crest (P), water level at the measuring scale (H), and head (h) with h=H-P (Boithias et al., 2021).

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